Hana and her friends are riding their bicycles for exercise. The bar graph shows how many miles they rode last week. What is the median number of miles?

Bicycle Riding Records

The largest bird in the world is the ostrich. These birds can grow up to 9 feet tall. The heights of five ostriches at a zoo are shown in the table. What is the median height?

Size of Ostriches
Animal	Height (feet)
Ostrich 1	5
Ostrich 2	7
Ostrich 3	8
Ostrich 4	6
Ostrich 5	4

The ages of seven children sled riding on a hill are 6, 9, 7, 9, 5, 8, and 5. What is the median age?

The table shows the number of April birthdays at Chris’s school. What is the range in the number of birthdays?

April Birthdays
Grade	Number of Birthdays
1st	2
2nd	7
3rd	8
4th	5
5th	5

Maya has gone to several Miami Dolphins football games over the past 7 seasons. What is the range of the data?

Football Game Attendance
Season	Number of Games
Season 1	2
Season 2	6
Season 3	1
Season 4	2
Season 5	7
Season 6	6
Season 7	1

Five students recorded how long it took them to run 1 kilometer in gym class. What is the range of the times?

1-Kilometer Run
Student	Time (minutes)
Edgar	5
Lindsay	7
Horacio	5
Katie	8
Michael	9

The Flames baseball team has played 6 games this season. They have scored 8, 3, 3, 8, 7, and 3 runs in those games. What is the mode number of runs scored?

Last week was Show-and-Tell week at Pendleton Middle School. The table shows how many students brought an item with them each day. What is the mode of the data?

Show-and-Tell Week
Day	Students
Monday	5
Tuesday	9
Wednesday	6
Thursday	9
Friday	8

The table shows how many hours Amber spent playing with her friends while on Spring Break. What is the mode of the data?

Time Spent Playing with Friends
Day	Hours
Monday	6
Tuesday	3
Wednesday	6
Thursday	3
Friday	7
Saturday	5
Sunday	3

Sunset Valley Park has 5 hiking trails. The lengths of the trails are shown in the table. What is the median trail length?

Hiking Trails
Trail Number	Length (miles)
Trail 1	5
Trail 2	4
Trail 3	6
Trail 4	2
Trail 5	2

The cafeteria has two meal choices and three drink choices today. Suppose you choose one meal and one drink. How many possible outcomes are there?

Lunch Menu
Meal	Drink
Chicken	Apple Juice
Pizza	Milk
	Lemonade

The third graders are deciding what they want to do for recess today. The tree diagram shows different activities. How many different choices are there?

The third graders are learning about eating a healthy diet of fruits and vegetables. Suppose you spin the spinner one time. How many different outcomes are there?

Some students are playing a board game during recess. They must spin the spinner one time. Which of the following is NOT a possible outcome?

Use the amusement park information above. How many different outcomes are there?

Use the amusement park information above. Suppose Dusty picks one game and one ride at random. Which of the following is NOT a possible outcome?

Leon’s parents are buying a new car. They have two different paint options and two different interior options. How many different choices do they have?

Five children bought tickets to play games at the school fair. This bar graph shows how many tickets each child has.

School Fair Tickets

What is the mode?

There are seven children in Bartolo’s neighborhood. Here are their ages: 4, 12, 4, 12, 9, 10, 12. What is the median age?

Bridget is growing seven plants for her science project. Here are the heights of the plants after four weeks.

Growth After Four Weeks
Plant	Height (centimeters)
1	9
2	10
3	10
4	6
5	9
6	7
7	10

What is the mode?

Delmar is playing a game that has two spinners. On his first try he spins 3-B. This is one possible outcome.
     
How many possible outcomes are there all together?

Victor has four cousins. They are 2, 7, 5, and 6 years old. Victor is 3. What is the median of their ages?

The following chart shows the number of commercial nuclear power plants in some of the U.S. states.

Commercial Nuclear Plants in Operation, by State
State	Plants
South Carolina	7
Illinois	11
Texas	4
Pennsylvania	9
Mississippi	1
Source: Scholastic Kid’s Almanac

What is the range of plants in these states?

The junior high basketball team has seven first string players. The roster is listed below.

Junior High Basketball Roster
Student	Grade
Ben	7
Don	8
Greg	6
Tate	7
Martin	8
Carlos	7
Justin	6

What grade is the mode of the first string basketball players?

Mr. Kato is building a new house. He needs to choose the exterior trim color. He also needs to choose the type of exterior. Given his choices below, how many combinations are available for the exterior of the house?

	House Choices
Color Choices:
Black	Grey	White
Exterior Choices:
Stone only	Siding only	Brick and Stone

Sally helped set the table for her birthday party. Her parents purchased plates and napkins of many colors. Sally mixed the colors to make different combinations of place settings. How many different combinations are possible?

Party Choices
Plate Colors:
Napkin Colors:

Gayle works in a snack shop. She graphed the number of boxes of popcorn sold each day for five days. The results are shown on the graph.

Sales of Popcorn

What is the range of boxes on Gayle’s graph?

Lazaro measured the sizes of five sand dollars. He measured across the widest part.

	3 centimeters
	7 centimeters
	8 centimeters
	4 centimeters
	8 centimeters

What is the median size of the sand dollars?

Mato counted buttons on seven different shirts.

	Number of Buttons 4, 8, 5, 5, 8, 8, 4

What is the mode number of buttons?

Roland made greeting cards to send to friends and family. This bar graph shows the number of cards he made each day.

Greeting Cards Made

What is the range of the numbers of cards that Roland made?

Mrs. Henry’s class learned about baby animals at the zoo. This graph shows the number of zoo babies born each day.

Baby Animals at the Zoo

What is the median number of baby animals born each day?

One day for breakfast, Mirna could choose pancakes or cold cereal. She could choose orange juice or grape juice.

Breakfast Menu
Main Choices	Juice Choices
pancakes cold cereal	orange grape

How many different combinations can Mirna select? She must choose one item from each list shown.

Students in Math Club are ordering shirts. There are three color choices and two sleeve styles.

Math Club Shirts
Colors	Styles
beige brown gold	short sleeves long sleeves

Here are possible combinations of shirt color and sleeve style.
1. brown with short sleeves
2. beige with short sleeves
3. gold with long sleeves
4. beige with long sleeves
5. gold with short sleeves
6. ______________
Which combination is missing from the list?

Kacy is buying a mirror. The store has the following shape and color choices. All of the colors are available in both shapes.

Mirror Choices
Shapes	Colors
square oval	brass gold black brown

How many different mirrors are there?

Sachi has these letter tiles from a spelling game.
She turns the tiles over and mixes them up. Then Sachi draws one tile without looking. How many different outcomes are possible?

The teacher’s desk drawer has 5 red pencils, 2 blue pencils, 4 green pencils, and 9 yellow pencils. Suppose she picks one pencil at random. Which color pencil is least likely?

The table shows how many coins are in a piggy bank. Suppose you pick a coin at random. Which two coins are equally likely to be chosen?

Piggy Bank
Coin	Number of Coins
Penny	9
Nickel	3
Dime	9
Quarter	6

Students from Elkwood Elementary School are having a field day. Suppose one student is chosen at random. In what grade will the student most likely be?

Field Day
Grade	Number of Students
1st Graders	23
2nd Graders	31
3rd Graders	30
4th Graders	27

The third graders are voting on where to go for a field trip. Suppose one third grader is chosen at random. For which activity did the student most likely vote?

Field Trip Voting
Activity	Number of Votes
Zoo	11
Drama Production	10
Nature Preserve	4
Science Center	3

Hope played a game with eight-sided numbered object. For her next move, Hope can use only one of the numbers rolled.

What is the most likely number to be chosen?

The third grade class went on a nature walk to collect leaves. Each leaf was placed on a table and then labeled to match the identification chart from class. When they were finished, the students were allowed to take one of the leaves with them. Which leaf type is the least likely to be picked first?

A toy store has 8 wagons, 9 toy trucks, 9 skateboards, and 5 soccer balls. Suppose one of these toys is chosen at random. Which two toys are equally likely to be chosen?

Wagon	Toy Truck	Skateboard	Soccer Ball

Maya and her friends are on summer vacation. They are deciding what activity they want to do this morning and this afternoon. The table shows the different activities they have in mind. Which of the following is a possible outcome?

Summer Vacation
Morning	Afternoon
Go Fishing	Go Shopping
Ride Bikes	See a Movie
Go to the Park

Suppose you spin the spinner one time to play a game. Which outcome is most likely?

Tommy has 4 white socks, 6 black socks, 10 brown socks, and 14 gray socks in a drawer. Suppose he picks one sock at random. Which color sock is least likely?

Cory has a penny, dime, and quarter in his pocket.

If he takes out 2 coins, how much money could he have in his hand?

Barbara is playing a game that has two spinners. On her first try she spins 2 and B.
   
What is more likely: spinning a 2 or spinning a B?

The solid and striped balls in this picture are placed in a box. Nelson picks one without looking.

Which statement best describes the kind of ball Nelson might pick?

Suppose you spin the fruit spinner one time. Which outcome is most likely?

Amanda has these letter cards.
She turns the cards over, mixes them up, and draws one card without looking. Which letter is she most likely to draw?

Suppose you can choose one of the spinners below. For which spinner is 7 impossible to spin?

The spinner is used in a board game to show which space a player should move to next.

On which picture is the arrow most likely to land?

For a math game, Nicole uses this spinner. Suppose she spins this spinner 20 times.

Which operation will the arrow probably point to least often?

Dave has a set of pencils and pencil toppers. How many combinations of pencils with toppers can Dave make?

Guido and his friends are going to camp together this summer. They plan to share a cabin. If the cabin has 4 beds, how many combinations of sleeping arrangements can Guido and his friends consider?

Pia is wrapping a birthday gift for her friend. She has 2 colors of wrapping paper and 2 types of bows. How many combinations of paper and bows can Pia make with these items?

Mr. Peterson has the following shirts and ties. How many different shirt and tie combinations can he make with them?

Don participated in a track meet. There were 4 teams in his shot put event as shown.

Team	Number of Participants
Eagles	1
Spartans	3
Panthers	4
Corsairs	5

How likely is it that the Eagles will have one of their team members go first in the event?

Donovan played a board game with his friends. The game has a special 12-sided numbered object with 3 colors.

Color	Number of Sides
blue	1
purple	1
green	10

How likely is it that purple will be rolled?

The third grade science class is studying healthy eating habits. Several students brought in fruit for a morning snack and put it in a fruit bowl.
The following fruit was in the fruit bowl on the table.

How likely is it that a pear will be the next piece of fruit taken from the bowl?

Nita played an animal game with her friends. The game came with the following spinner.

How likely is it that the spinner will land on a bat?

The following pants are hanging on a rack at a busy store.

How likely is it that a pair of plaid pants will be bumped off the rack in the crowd?

Mi-Yung and his friends performed an experiment. They had a fair box with 3 chutes and an opening at the top. A fair box means that when a marble is dropped in the top opening there is an equal chance that it will roll down any chute.

The friends dropped a marble into the box 30 times. The marble rolled down chute one 15 times, chute two 7 times, and chute three 8 times.
Out of 30 drops, how many times should the friends expect the marble to roll down chute 2?

Jason and Flor performed an experiment. They took turns spinning an automatic spinner. The automatic spinner provides a fair chance that the spinner will point to each position an equal number of times.

The friends spun the spinner a total of 18 times. The spinner landed on blue 8 times, and yellow 10 times.
Out of 18 spins, how many times should the friends expect the spinner to point to blue?

Ling-Ling performed an experiment. She rolled a number cube to see what number would be rolled. Ling-Ling rolled the number cube 42 times. The cube results are shown below.

Number on Cube	Times Rolled
1	4
2	4
3	11
4	7
5	12
6	4

Out of 42 throws of the number cube, how many times should Ling-Ling expect a 5 to be rolled?

Keiko belongs to an after-school club. Twice a week the club members go bowling. At the bowling alley, the ball return brings the ball back to the bowlers on a conveyor belt. At the point the ball return reaches the bowlers, it splits into two lanes. Each lane is equally as likely to receive the returned ball.

Keiko tried an experiment with the ball return. She rolled a bowling ball down the alley 38 times. She noticed that the ball returned 25 times to lane one and 13 times to lane two.
How many times should Keiko expect the ball to return to lane one?

Kelli performed an experiment with a special 4-sided object to see what number would be rolled. The results are shown below.

Number on Object	Times Rolled
1	2
2	8
3	10
4	4
Total	24

Out of 24 throws of the object, how many times should Kelli expect a 2 to be rolled?

Mrs. Abbott was putting pictures in picture frames. She had the following pictures and frames.
How many different combinations can Mrs. Abbott create with these pictures and frames?